Muscle Contusions: Extrinsic Muscle Lesions
Classification Active flexion ROM Walking Minor >90° Normal Moderate 45–90° Antalgic Severe <45° Severe limping 11.4.1 Minor Muscle Contusion The athlete may or may not remember the incident and usually…
Functional Anatomy of the Muscle
Fig. 2.1 The hamstring muscle complex. (1) Superior compartment of semitendinosus – (2) Inferior compartment of semitendinosus – (3) Tendinous inscription of semitendinosus – (4) Superior compartment of semimembranosus –…
Gluteus Maximus and Surrounding Muscles Injuries
Fig. 19.1 Anatomy of the gluteus maximus. (a) Schematic drawing shows the topographic anatomy of the gluteal region. The superior and inferior functional units of the gluteus maximus are depicted…
Plantaris Muscle Injuries
Fig. 20.1 Schematic drawing of the posterior view of the lower leg illustrates the plantaris muscle The long tendon is commonly harvested by orthopedic surgeons as an autograft for ligament…
Non Traumatic Muscular Injury
Fig. 9.1 A 20-year-old male patient with overexertion of the upper-arms during exercise in the early afternoon. After a delay of 5 h, the patients reported rapidly progressive pain and…
Role of Clinical Evaluation for the Diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Muscle Injuries
Fig. 5.1 Acute injury to the medial gastrocnemius: increased calf volume and characteristic forefoot gait Fig. 5.2 Acute injury of the hip adductors: early development of a large hematoma Palpation…
Leg Posterior Muscle Compartment Injuries
Fig. 21.1 A 20-year-old male tennis player with acute medial calf pain. Longitudinal ultrasound image reveals a large hematoma (arrows) between the soleus and the medial gastrocnemius aponeurosis with distal…
Abdominal Wall Injuries
Fig. 13.1 Schematic drawing of the abdominal wall muscles. RA rectus abdominis, EO external oblique, IO internal oblique, T transverse muscle 13.2.2 Oblique Muscles and Transversus Abdominis The external oblique…
Adductor Muscles Injuries
Fig. 14.1 A 28-year-old male athlete with an injury to the myotendinous junction of the left adductor longus (AL). (a) Coronal and (b) axial short tau inversion recovery MRI show…
The Protective Role of Cervical Spinal Muscle Masses in Sports Related Trauma
Groups Muscles Posterior Trapezius (1), rhomboideus (2), splenius capitis (3), semi spinalis (4), multifidus (5), longissimus cervicis (6), splenius cervicis (8) Lateral Ilio costalis (7), levator scapula (9),posterior (10), middle…
