Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 17.1 Hyaluronic acid-based scaffold (Hyalofast, Anika Therapeutics, Padova, Italy) The cells harvested from the patient are expanded and then seeded onto the scaffold to create the tissue-engineered product Hyalograft…

Fig. 31.1 Articular partial tear Fig. 31.2 Long head of the biceps (LHB) tenosynovitis and fraying associated to biceps Instability. At the subacromial space, a careful but complete bursectomy should…

Fig. 55.1 The biopsychosocial model [27, 28] The process starts with an injury. Injury characteristics (type, cause and severity, history of previous injuries) and athlete characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic…

Fig. 20.1 Cam-type impingement. (a) Cam deformity as seen on CT scan; note prominence of anterior femoral neck (arrow); (b and c) cam deformity best evidenced on axial view (α…

Fig. 23.1 (a) CT scan with bilateral spondylolysis (b) lateral radiographic study with L5-S1 spondylolisthesis 23.4.3 Proposed Imaging Protocol Lumbar radiographs (anteroposterior, lateral and both oblique views) If negative: MRI…

A rise in FEV1 to bronchodilator ≥12 % of the baseline or predicted FEV1 and exceeds 200 ml A fall in FEV1 ≥10 % from the baseline in response to…

Acute inflammatory cardiac disease (e.g., pericarditis, myocarditis, acute rheumatic heart disease) Uncontrolled heart failure Acute myocardial infarction Acute pulmonary disease (e.g., acute asthma, pneumonia) Severe systemic hypertension (e.g., blood pressure…

Mechanism of injury (M) Locations of injury (L) Grading of severity (G) Number of muscle reinjuries (R) Hamstrings direct injuries T (direct) P Injury located in the proximal third of…