Fig. 43.1 Development of the basic TEC from human MSCs. (a) The monolayer sheet immediately after detachment from culture dish and (b) the actively contracted 3D tissue 43.4 Chondrogenic Differentiation…
CLSCS score Treatment received within 1 year Surgery (n = 171) Nonsurgery (n = 186) p-value Grade 0 0 88 <0.001 Grade 1 9 94 <0.001 Grade 2 113 4…
Fig. 33.1 (a) Gross specimen of a young adult pig meniscus on the tibial plateau. The meniscus surface appears smooth and glossy white. (b) Illustration showing cell types and collagen…
Fig. 24.1 The PCL receives direct arterial branches from the medial superior genicular artery which is a branch of middle genicular artery With respect to collateral ligament blood supply, there…
Fig. 32.1 Schematic representation of the envisioned patient-specific meniscus tissue engineering strategy. The patient undergoes an MRI scan, and the meniscus is extracted digitally from image dataset and processed into…
Fig. 18.1 Rotator cuff muscle anatomy. Supraspinatus muscle can be seen in the superior view, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles in the posterior view, and subscapularis in the anterior view….
Fig. 26.1 Human lateral and medial meniscus Fig. 26.2 Meniscus cell type populations and their regional distribution 26.3 Biomechanical Function As we mentioned before, the menisci perform various and important…
Fig. 12.1 (a, b) Mesenchymal stem cells The umbilical cord blood is the most common source of stem cells for children, while bone marrow and fat tissue are for adults….
Fig. 53.1 Schematic drawing of the different zones of articular cartilage and subchondral bone Subchondral bone is a complex tissue consisting of water, collagen type I, and hydroxyapatite, with the…
Fig. 30.1 CMI (a, b) macroscopic appearance, (c) ultrastructure Actifit-Orteq. UK (Fig. 30.2): This is a synthetic biodegradable scaffold, composed of polycaprolactone-polyurethane which has been available since 2008. This structure…
