Fig. 21.1 Comparison of traditional and burst stimulation waveforms. Courtesy of St. Jude Medical Burst stimulation has been studied extensively. In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial comparing tonic stimulation with burst…
For the case of this example , let’s assume that the patient has axial back pain with unilateral lower extremity radicular complaints and no weakness, or numbness, and is 2…
1. Calculate total mg dose taken in past 24-h. 2. Determine equi-analgesic dose (table). 3. If pain is controlled on current opioid, reduce the new opioid daily dose by 30–50…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_2 2. Role of Spinal Surgery in Pain Management George M. Ghobrial1 , Alexander Vaccaro2 and James S. Harrop3 (1) Department of Neurological…
Fig. 15.1 Intraoperative fluoroscopic image showing a thoracic multi column paddle electrode covering the entire vertebral body of T9 with some coverage over the T8/T9 disc space Lead migration and…
Starting dose Maximum daily dose Maximum concentration () Morphine 0.1–0.5 mg/day 15 mg 20 mg/mL Hydromorphone 0.02–0.5 mg/day 10 mg 15 mg/mL Fentanyl 25–75 mcg/day No known upper limit…
Fig. 10.1 Site of service fee schedule [1] Once a service is rendered, diagnosis codes (ICD-9 or ICD-10) and procedure codes (CPT) are assigned, and the claim is sent to…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_9 9. Integration of Specialties Steven M. Falowski1 (1) Neurosurgery, St. Luke’s University Health Network, 701 Ostrum St, Suite…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_7 7. Practice Setup Steven M. Falowski1 (1) Neurosurgery, St. Luke’s University Health Network, 701 Ostrum St, Suite 302,…
Fig. 3.1 Major contributing factors of failed back surgery syndrome Patient Selection and Preoperative Factors Patient selection for the original spine surgery is of the utmost importance in preventing FBSS….
