Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty
Fig. 20.1 Utility of MRI. (a) T1 MRI shows low attenuation in the acute L2 vertebral body fracture. (b) T2 MRI shows altered signal in the L2 vertebral body. (c)…
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation—Cervical Syndromes
Fig. 17.1 Example of regional peripheral stimulation (in this case for axial thoracic pain). The two sets of electrodes have been inserted subcutaneously along the length of the demarcated lateral…
Emerging Technology in Neuromodulation: Waveforms and New Targets in Spinal Cord Stimulation
Fig. 21.1 Comparison of traditional and burst stimulation waveforms. Courtesy of St. Jude Medical Burst stimulation has been studied extensively. In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial comparing tonic stimulation with burst…
Referral Networks
For the case of this example , let’s assume that the patient has axial back pain with unilateral lower extremity radicular complaints and no weakness, or numbness, and is 2…
Medications Used for the Treatment of Back Pain
1. Calculate total mg dose taken in past 24-h. 2. Determine equi-analgesic dose (table). 3. If pain is controlled on current opioid, reduce the new opioid daily dose by 30–50…
Role of Spinal Surgery in Pain Management
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_2 2. Role of Spinal Surgery in Pain Management George M. Ghobrial1 , Alexander Vaccaro2 and James S. Harrop3 (1) Department of Neurological…
Epidural Paddle Placement for Spinal Cord Stimulation
Fig. 15.1 Intraoperative fluoroscopic image showing a thoracic multi column paddle electrode covering the entire vertebral body of T9 with some coverage over the T8/T9 disc space Lead migration and…
Intrathecal Therapy for Chronic Spine Pain
Starting dose Maximum daily dose Maximum concentration () Morphine 0.1–0.5 mg/day 15 mg 20 mg/mL Hydromorphone 0.02–0.5 mg/day 10 mg 15 mg/mL Fentanyl 25–75 mcg/day No known upper limit…
Coding and Reimbursement for Spinal Cord Stimulation
Fig. 10.1 Site of service fee schedule [1] Once a service is rendered, diagnosis codes (ICD-9 or ICD-10) and procedure codes (CPT) are assigned, and the claim is sent to…
Integration of Specialties
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_9 9. Integration of Specialties Steven M. Falowski1 (1) Neurosurgery, St. Luke’s University Health Network, 701 Ostrum St, Suite…
