Musculoskeletal Key

Trauma (blunt impacts, fractures, traumatic patellar dislocation, polytraumatic injuries) Axial malalignment of the knee Partial or total meniscectomy Instability (ACL, PCL, etc.) Osteochondritis dissecans Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, gout, psoriasis,…

Fig. 2.1 Coronal T2 weighted fat-suppressed image demonstrating anterolateral bone bruising following rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament Fig. 2.2 Coronal T2 weighted fat-suppressed image demonstrating bony oedema secondary to…

Fig. 10.1 Advanced bilateral hemophilic arthropathy of the knee: (a) Anteroposterior view; (b) lateral radiograph of the right knee; (c) lateral view of the left knee. As chronic hemophilic synovitis…

Fig. 8.1 Mean center point of the femoral insertion of the anterior cruciate ligament (After Piefer et al. [9]) On the tibia, the footprint is situated approximately 10 mm posterior…

Crystal arthritides Trauma Gout Soft tissue injury Pseudogout Spontaneous haemarthrosis  Fracture Inflammatory arthritides   Rheumatoid arthritis Infection Psoriatic arthritis Acute bacterial septic arthritis Reactive arthritis including Reiter’s disease Viral septic…

Characteristics Corticosteroids Hyaluronic acid Mechanism of action Analgesic Anti-inflammatory Immunosuppressive effect Analgesic Anti-inflammatory Mechanical improvement Chondroprotection Proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis Subchondral bone compliancy Duration of effects +2 weeks 6–12 months…

Name of growth factor Action of growth factor Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) [48] Angiogenesis and blood vessel repair Cell growth and collagen production Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Growth and…

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán and Alexander D. Liddle (eds.)Joint Preservation in the Adult Knee10.1007/978-3-319-41808-7_7 7. The Meniscus Luke D. Jones1   and Sean O’Leary2, 3   (1) Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK (2) Royal Berkshire Hospital,…