Emerging Therapies
16 Emerging Therapies Michael D. Kornberg and Peter A. Calabresi KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS • Current disease-modifying therapies target the peripheral immune system with a primary goal of preventing relapses. • The…
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis
PART V. SPECIAL ISSUES 33 Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Amy T. Waldman KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS • Pediatric and adult multiple sclerosis (MS) have similar clinical symptoms. • The presence of encephalopathy…
Overview of Rehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis
PART IV. REHABILITATION AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT 17 Overview of Rehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis Francois Bethoux KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS • Rehabilitation refers to a variety of interventions that aim…
Treating Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis: Injection and Oral Therapies
13 Treating Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis: Injection and Oral Therapies Le H. Hua KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS • There are currently 15 approved disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). • The…
American Academy of Neurology Guidelines for Multiple Sclerosis Disease-Modifying Therapy
PART III. TREATMENT 2018 American Academy of Neurology Guidelines for Multiple Sclerosis Disease-Modifying Therapy Alexander D. Rae-Grant In April 2018, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) published a systematic…
Overview of Multiple Sclerosis
2 Overview of Multiple Sclerosis Alexander D. Rae-Grant and Robert J. Fox KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a continuously active disease with subclinical lesions occurring 5 to…
Epidemiology and Natural History of Multiple Sclerosis
224 Epidemiology and Natural History of Multiple Sclerosis Marcus W. Koch KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS • The incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies between different geographical regions and ethnicities….
Radiological Diagnostics
The standard radiological diagnostics of acetabulum fractures include conventional X-rays including an anteroposterior (AP) view of the hip; the whole pelvis (pelvic AP view); and oblique views according to Judet…
Approaches
Historical Development Historically, open reduction and internal fixation of displaced acetabular fractures was performed using a few standard approaches: Kocher-Langenbeck approach Ilioinguinal approach Extended iliofemoral approach Several modifications were developed…
Special Screws and Views
Intraoperatively, the gold standard to analyze the results of reduction and fixation during acetabular fracture fixation is fluoroscopic X-ray views. Despite the ongoing discussion, if Judet views are still necessary…
