Musculoskeletal Key

Peripheral Neuromodulation for Spasticity

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Peripheral Neuromodulation for Spasticity

This narrative review synthesizes current understanding of peripheral neuromodulation for spasticity. It navigates the spectrum of electrical and mechanical techniques, elucidating their operative mechanisms and clinical utility. The potential of…

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Do Physical Modalities Have a Role in Spasticity Management?

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Do Physical Modalities Have a Role in Spasticity Management?

This narrative review examines the potential role of physical modalities in the multidisciplinary management of spasticity, focusing on their physiologic mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and integration with pharmacologic and rehabilitative strategies….

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Patients’ Lived Experiences of Spasticity

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Patients’ Lived Experiences of Spasticity

Spasticity is an individual, sensory-motor experience that is correlated with nonmotor symptoms of pain, fatigue, and dysesthesia. Patients and clinicians may have different understandings of spasticity. This discrepancy is complicated…

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Chronic Spasticity Care

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Chronic Spasticity Care

Chronic spasticity is a dynamic, multifactorial condition that demands continuous, personalized management. This article reviews the evolving pathophysiology of spasticity, emphasizing the interplay of neural hyperexcitability and structural muscle changes….

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Disparities in Spasticity Access and Care

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Disparities in Spasticity Access and Care

Disparities in spasticity care contribute to preventable morbidity and unequal rehabilitation outcomes. Structural inequities in health care access, underrepresentation in clinical trials, and limited awareness of spasticity in underserved populations…

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Pain Management Across Special Populations

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Pain Management Across Special Populations

Chronic pain is increasing in prevalence worldwide, and practitioners should stay up to date regarding best practices for this population of patients. Certain populations can be more vulnerable to chronic…

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The Brain in Pain

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on The Brain in Pain

Central pain syndromes arise from direct damage to, or dysfunction of, the central nervous system. This article traces the advances of pain theory from early human history to modern medical…

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Short Circuit

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Short Circuit

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a significant role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain and are expressed widely within the central nervous system on neurons, microglia, and astrocytes. TLRs…

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The Cutting Edge

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on The Cutting Edge

When caring for spine patients, accurate diagnosis is essential, as interventional treatments are only effective when the true pain generator is correctly identified. Diagnostic procedures generally fall into provocative tests,…

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Dual Frontiers Cancer and Palliative Care

Jul 12, 2026 by drzezo in PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Comments Off on Dual Frontiers Cancer and Palliative Care

The World Health Organization’s definition of palliative care emphasizes its role as a quality-of-life-enhancing intervention for patients and families experiencing life-threatening illnesses, recommending its early implementation alongside curative therapies. This…

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