Examination of the Knee

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Examination of the Knee

Fig. 1.1 Assessing coronal plane. Note the physiological valgus attitude of the lower limb Examination with the patient facing the examiner: assessing for varus or valgus posture and the presence…

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Osteotomies About the Knee

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Osteotomies About the Knee

Fig. 14.1 (a) Physiological alignment measurements in the coronal plane from a long leg weight bearing radiograph measurement. (b) Enlarged image shows the weight-bearing axis in the medial compartment. Also…

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Tendon Injuries of the Knee

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Tendon Injuries of the Knee

Therapeutic exercises (eccentric training) Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) Different injection treatments (platelet-rich plasma, sclerosing polidocanol, steroids, aprotinin, autologous skin-derived tendon-like cells, and bone marrow mononuclear cells) Table 6.2 Surgical…

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Cartilage Injuries of the Knee

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Cartilage Injuries of the Knee

Trauma (blunt impacts, fractures, traumatic patellar dislocation, polytraumatic injuries) Axial malalignment of the knee Partial or total meniscectomy Instability (ACL, PCL, etc.) Osteochondritis dissecans Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, gout, psoriasis,…

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Imaging Assessment of the Knee

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Imaging Assessment of the Knee

Fig. 2.1 Coronal T2 weighted fat-suppressed image demonstrating anterolateral bone bruising following rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament Fig. 2.2 Coronal T2 weighted fat-suppressed image demonstrating bony oedema secondary to…

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Septic Arthritis of the Knee

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Septic Arthritis of the Knee

Crystal arthritides Trauma Gout Soft tissue injury Pseudogout Spontaneous haemarthrosis  Fracture Inflammatory arthritides   Rheumatoid arthritis Infection Psoriatic arthritis Acute bacterial septic arthritis Reactive arthritis including Reiter’s disease Viral septic…

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Intra-articular Corticosteroids and Hyaluronic Acid in the Knee Joint

Nov 17, 2017 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Intra-articular Corticosteroids and Hyaluronic Acid in the Knee Joint

Characteristics Corticosteroids Hyaluronic acid Mechanism of action Analgesic Anti-inflammatory Immunosuppressive effect Analgesic Anti-inflammatory Mechanical improvement Chondroprotection Proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis Subchondral bone compliancy Duration of effects +2 weeks 6–12 months…

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