Fig. 15.1 Intraoperative fluoroscopic image showing a thoracic multi column paddle electrode covering the entire vertebral body of T9 with some coverage over the T8/T9 disc space Lead migration and…
Starting dose Maximum daily dose Maximum concentration () Morphine 0.1–0.5 mg/day 15 mg 20 mg/mL Hydromorphone 0.02–0.5 mg/day 10 mg 15 mg/mL Fentanyl 25–75 mcg/day No known upper limit…
Fig. 10.1 Site of service fee schedule [1] Once a service is rendered, diagnosis codes (ICD-9 or ICD-10) and procedure codes (CPT) are assigned, and the claim is sent to…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_9 9. Integration of Specialties Steven M. Falowski1 (1) Neurosurgery, St. Luke’s University Health Network, 701 Ostrum St, Suite…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Steven M. Falowski and Jason E. Pope (eds.)Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice10.1007/978-3-319-27796-7_7 7. Practice Setup Steven M. Falowski1 (1) Neurosurgery, St. Luke’s University Health Network, 701 Ostrum St, Suite 302,…
Fig. 3.1 Major contributing factors of failed back surgery syndrome Patient Selection and Preoperative Factors Patient selection for the original spine surgery is of the utmost importance in preventing FBSS….
Medication Recommendation Non-aspirin NSAIDs (excluding celecoxib) Discontinue 5 half-lives prior to procedure. Restart 2 h after procedure ASA, ASA combinations for primary prophylaxis Discontinue 6 days prior to procedure. Restart…
Pain Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Disability Index (PDI) McGill Pain Questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Physical function Owestry Disability Index (ODI) Roland Morris Disability…
Fig. 5.1 Sagittal (left) and axial (right) MRI demonstrating epidural fibrosis surrounding the left nerve root in a patient with persistent postoperative neuropathic lower extremity pain and low back pain…
Brittle material Material with no or low capacity of plastic deformation. Ductile material Material with large capacity of plastic deformation. Elasticity Reversible deformation of a material. The material regains its…
