Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 2.1 Difference in terms of invasiveness and risk of infection between closed reduction and intramedullary fixation on one side and open reduction and plate fixation (“ORIF”) on the other,…

Fig. 30.1 (a) Schematic overview of lengthening nail in a femur. 1. Locking bolts. 2. Proximal nail with a valgus bend of 18°. 3. Distal expandable nail part. 4. Proximal…

Fig. 27.1 Knee Arthrodesis with Kuentscher Nail 1945 In 1960, in Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research, John Charnley reported the results of 171 knee arthrodesis procedures performed by ten surgeons…

Fig. 21.1 High velocity motorcycle accident with right-sided open segmental fracture of the lower leg. (a, b) Preoperative anteroposterior and lateral views show the severe displacement of the intermediate fragment….

Fig. 20.1 Operative treatment of a distal femur fracture (AO/OTA Type 33.C.1) with lag screws and an anatomical plate (Lambotte 1913) However, bone surgery before antibiosis, blood transfusion, and operative…

Fig. 6.1 (a) Supine position of the patient on the fracture-table. In this example, the foot is fixed in a boot. By abduction and flexion of the contralateral leg, a…

Fig. 14.1 (a–d) Fracture types, which are suitable for nailing are the AO/OTA types 23-A2, A3, C1 and C2 Also metaphyseal fractures with a simple articular extension (AO/OTA 23-C1-2) (Fig….

Primary site % metastasis to bone Breast 50–85 Prostate 50–70 Lung 30–50 Kidney 30–50 Thyroid 40 Melanoma 30–40 Urine bladder 15–25 According to Hage et al. [4] Dependent upon the…

Fig. 12.1 Entry portal in antegrade nailing when a curved nail will be inserted The axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral artery originate posteriorly and wind round the surgical…

Fig. 13.1 A 61-years old male suffers a grade II open olecranon fracture after a fall from the stairs. (a, b) Grade II open olecranon fracture. Anteroposterior and lateral view….