Arthroscopy of the Ankle
Arthroscopy of the ankle has become an invaluable tool for evaluating and treating pathology in the ankle joint. Arthroscopy allows a minimally invasive approach to the structures of the ankle…
Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability
Lateral ligament injuries of the ankle are treated conservatively with good results in most cases. However, several factors may lead to chronic ankle instability with recurring ankle sprains: Inadequate primary…
Capsular Interpositional Arthroplasty
Hallux rigidus refers to degenerative arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint that is characterized by pain, decreased range of motion (ROM), and proliferative osteophyte formation. ANATOMY The first MTP…
Surgical Management of Freiberg’s Infraction
Freiberg infraction is an osteochondrosis of a lesser metatarsal head, most commonly involving the second metatarsal. In 1913, Freiberg originally documented six cases and used the term infraction to indicate…
Endoscopic Plantar Fasciotomy
Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain in adults. The predominant symptom is pain in the plantar region of the foot when initiating walking. The cause is…
Spring Ligament Reconstruction
Spring ligament failure consists of lengthening or disruption of the spring ligament complex resulting in subluxation at the talonavicular joint. Spring ligament failure is commonly associated with considerable degeneration of…
Ludloff Osteotomy
Symptomatic hallux valgus associated with a first intermetatarsal angle greater than 15 degrees is typically corrected with a proximal first metatarsal osteotomy and distal soft tissue procedure when nonoperative treatment…
Rheumatoid Forefoot Reconstruction
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory condition of synovial joints that usually presents as a symmetric polyarthropathy. Ninety percent of patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis have involvement of the foot; the…
Distraction Arthroplasty for Ankle Arthritis
Ankle distraction arthroplasty is a new technique for the treatment of ankle arthritis in younger patients who wish to defer ankle arthrodesis or ankle replacement. Distraction arthroplasty is based on…
Flexor Digitorum Longus Transfer and Medial Displacement Calcaneal Osteotomy
The posterior tibial tendon undergoes tearing and degeneration, and as it fails, the foot falls into a planovalgus configuration. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is the most common cause of…
