Order Year Main Host Members of athletics Competitive sports Exhibition sports 1st 1953 Tientsin (天津) 395 5 414 2nd 1982 Hohhot (呼和浩特) 593 2 68 3rd 1986 Ürümchi (烏魯木齊) 777…
(9.1) where L is the number of clubs participating in the J-League, represents the log odds of the league position, and is the wage expenditure of club i in season…
Fig. 13.1 The Gakjeochong mural in Jilin Ji’an, painted in Goguryeo tombs demonstrating a ssireum competition (World Ssireum Federation) In regards to the Ssireum games development and expansion in the…
Fig. 3.1 Total number of member statistics in CSC (MEXT, 2008–2012) Although older people form a majority of the CSC membership, the actual nature of their engagement in sport has…
Fig. 11.1 Spectrum of health tourism (Source: Smith and Puczkó 2009) What about sport health tourism? Harada and Kimura (2009) define sport health tourism as ‘a reasonably paced leisure tourism…
Intensity Duration Intention Emotion Higher Shorter Intentional Mood Lower Longer Non-intentional 2.2.2 Classifications of Emotion It is said that most humans, regardless of gender or culture, have certain basic,…
Fig. 5.1 Consumer behavior decision making process (Adapted from Tanaka 2012 p. 54) It has been said that there are three factors which influence a consumer’s decision making behavior, aside…
Author Conceptualization Inquiry Antecedents Consequences Sport setting Oliver (1999) Yes Conceptual Yes Yes Yes (A blend of personal identity with the cultural milieu surrounding the focal brand) (Product superiority, self-isolation,…
© Springer Japan 2015Kazuyuki Kanosue, Kohei Kogiso, Daichi Oshimi and Munehiko Harada (eds.)Sports Management and Sports Humanities10.1007/978-4-431-55324-3_14 14. An Analysis of the Organization, Management and Policy of the Beijing Olympic Games Shuying Yuan1 (1) Graduate School of Sport…
Fig. 8.1 The crisis damage minimization framework 8.4.1 Doing Good as a Shield for Negative Information To minimize the damage elicited by crises, sport marketers can develop positive relationships with…
