Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 16.1 (a) Diagram showing talar configuration which is wider anteriorly; (b) synovial recesses of the ankle and subtalar joints Fig. 16.2 MRI showing posteromedial lesion Like with any surgical…

Fig. 18.1 Stationary bike with cast boot When stable and suitable healing has taken place, ankle and foot range-of-motion exercises are initiated using a towel (this can range from less…

Fig. 8.1 Transchondral lesion “flap” softened cartilage being probed (a), separating flap (b), excising flap with shaver (c), and removing flap with grasper (d) Osteochondral lesions are also classified with…

Fig. 6.1 (a) Type I denotes fracture of the fifth metatarsal tuberosity extending into the metatarsocuboid joint. (b) Type II describes fracture at the diaphyseal–metaphyseal junction of the fifth metatarsal…

Fig. 15.1 (a) Pre-op X-ray showing avulsed peroneal retinaculum. (b) MRI showing torn peroneal retinaculum. (c) Diagram of the classification of peroneal retinaculum tears. PLT, peroneus longus tendon; PBT, peroneus…

Fig. 13.1 Mark out anatomy Fig. 13.2 Extensor retinaculum in blue Fig. 13.3 ATFL cut Fig. 13.4 Lateral talocalcaneal Fig. 13.5 Drill holes in the fibula for CFL tunnel Fig….

Fig. 14.1 (a) Retrocalcaneal exostosis lateral view. (b) “Zero degree” axial view showing lateral calcification. (c) Insertional tendocalcinosis Fig. 14.2 (a) T1 MRI showing retrocalcaneal exostosis. (b) T2 MRI revealing…

Fig. 17.1 Depending on the talar location of the osteochondral defect, the pathology can be addressed via anterior or posterior ankle arthroscopy. To determine whether the osteochondral defect can be…

Fig. 10.1 Temporarily restoration of ankle function with standing, walking, or heel rises after circumferential taping of syndesmosis is considered diagnostic of syndesmosis injury Fig. 10.2 External rotation of the…