Structure and Organization of Skeletal Muscle
Because muscle fiber length usually correlates closely with myofibril length, muscle fiber length is used as a marker for excursion potential or velocity. Therefore, muscle fiber length is used to…
Physiology of Skeletal Muscle
Fig. 2.1 The interaction of carbohydrates, triglycerides, and proteins, termed macronutrients, in the metabolic pathway. Note that all macronutrients have the capability to become Acetyl CoA, the common entryway to…
Sub-acute and Chronic Injuries in the Posterior Leg
Fig. 9.1 Approximate phases of healing. Acute (0–6 days), sub-acute (3–21 days), and chronic (> 21 days) During the sub-acute phase, growth and regeneration take place primarily through angiogenesis intermixed with…
Clinical Assessment of the Posterior Leg
Fig. 6.1 Differential diagnosis of posterior leg pain, weakness, or swelling The goal of this chapter is to provide a functional and practical guide to the physical examination of the…
Imaging and Tests for Posterior Lower Leg
Fig. 7.1 A 27-year-old football player presenting with left calf pain, clinically diagnosed as grade II injury. a On ultrasound at initial presentation, a hypoechoic area measuring 1.0 × 0.4 cm was noted…
Special Population Considerations in the Treatment of Posterior Leg Injuries
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016J. Bryan Dixon (ed.)Muscular Injuries in the Posterior Leg10.1007/978-1-4899-7651-2_12 12. Special Population Considerations in the Treatment of Posterior Leg Injuries Ryan R. Woods1 and Jeffrey S. Brault1 (1) Department of…
Neurophysiology of Musculoskeletal Pain
Perception of pain Pain tolerance Pain referral Cutaneous and visceral pain Sharp, pricking, burning, and/or cutting sensations Easily or moderately tolerated No pain referral and no secondary hyperalgesia Musculoskeletal…
Acute Injuries in the Posterior Leg
Injury Treatment Contusion RICE, NSAIDs, and early range of motion and rehabilitation Prevention and management of myositis ossificans Consider immobilization in tension to limit hematoma formation Strain/tear RICE, NSAIDs, and…
Pathophysiology of Skeletal Muscle Injury
Factors related to an athlete’s risk of muscle injury Fatigue Conditioning Weakness Illness Age Gender Medications/drugs Nutritional status Factors related to risk of injury to a specific muscle Muscles that…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Hip
Fig. 1 3D volume-rendered reformation of the dome and proximal femur with rotation axis in the coronal plane obtained from the VIBE sequence Table 1 Hip MRI sequences and parameters…
