Acromioclavicular joint
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • This joint injury can result from either trauma or overuse in a degenerative shoulder. • Clinically, the joint presents with pain at the end…
Sclerosant therapy
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • The therapy is used to treat chronic tendinopathy. • Studies on patellar and Achilles tendinopathy have been published. Equipment and drugs Syringe Needle Lidocaine…
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is used in Achilles tendinosis and in refractory tendinopathies and enthesopathies (plantar fasciitis, greater trochanteric insertion overload and lateral…
Prolotherapy
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • The therapy is for the treatment of chronic pain by injecting quantities of irritant substances at multiple sites of a ligament, tendon or joint….
Tendon sheath ganglion aspiration
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • Inflammatory arthritis, athletic activity or injury may cause a ganglion. • Pain and swelling are typical. • The tendon sheath is distended with fluid…
Saline stripping for tendinopathy (high-volume injection or brisement)
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • Chronic tendinopathy may be associated with overuse injury, athletic activity, being overweight or inflammatory arthritis. • Pain and swelling occur with impaired performance. •…
Dry needling (peppering, fenestration)
Cause, clinical and ultrasound findings • Inflammatory arthritis, chronic injury or overuse may cause inflammation/microtearing of the tendon. • Pain and swelling are present at the affected area. • Hypoechoic…
