Epidemiology Multidirectional instability (MDI) of the shoulder was first described by Neer and Foster in 1980 in their description of the inferior capsular shift procedure on 36 patients. Although the…
Preferred technique Initial setup Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization is performed with the use of general anesthesia. After induction, both the operative and contralateral shoulder are examined in the supine position to…
Introduction Like other diarthrodial joints, the sternoclavicular (SC) joint is also susceptible to the normal spectrum of inflammatory and degenerative diseases, as well as a number of other disorders that…
Introduction The management of anterior shoulder instability includes a menu of operations that have been used to treat patients with this problem. These procedures include arthroscopic stabilization, open stabilization, and…
Traumatic injuries to the sternoclavicular joint Epidemiology Traumatic injuries to the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) are rare, representing only 0.5% to 5% of all injuries to the shoulder girdle. , The…
Introduction Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) injuries parallel injuries to the acromioclavicular joint in that the severity often predicts the need for surgery. The SCJ can be sprained with no displacement of…
Introduction There has traditionally been a high threshold before undertaking any surgical procedure around the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ). This has been, in part, due to its midline location, its high…
Surgical indications: Atraumatic disorders Distal clavicle osteolysis and osteoarthritis Distal clavicle osteolysis is an atraumatic condition that can result in significant pain and discomfort. Excision of the lateral portion of…
Introduction A variety of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) pathologies can result in pain and reduced function, including arthritis, distal clavicle osteolysis, and instability. Acromioclavicular (AC) pathologies can be broadly categorized into…
Introduction The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is a pivotal construct for scapular and shoulder function. The articulation of the acromion and clavicle, when healthy and stable, allows fluid scapular and humeral…
