Musculoskeletal Key

History • A careful history will help establish the diagnosis and formulate a treatment plan. • Important factors include the chief complaint, mechanism of injury, hand dominance, what sport the…

General Principles Overview • Injuries to the thorax and abdomen are more often seen in sports involving sudden deceleration and impact (football, ice hockey, skiing, and snowboarding). • Early recognition…

General Principles History and Physical Examination History • Hand dominance • Location • Medial, lateral, anterior, and posterior • Type of pain • Radiating symptoms • Numbness/tingling • Stiffness •…

General Principles Epidemiology • 3%–29% of facial injuries are a result of sporting activities • 60%–90% of facial injuries in sports occur in males aged 10–29 years • Approximately 75%…

General Principles • Over 42,000 sports- and recreation-related eye injuries were reported in 2000: of these, 72% occurred in individuals younger than 25 years and 43% in people younger than…

General Principles Cervical spine injuries are most often seen in football and hockey but have occurred in wrestling, rugby, baseball, lacrosse, and mountain biking. Anatomy • There are seven cervical…

General Principles • Head injuries in sports are comparatively mild compared with those in high-velocity motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), yet they remain significant and important injuries for team physicians to…

General Principles • The overall goal of rehabilitation is to enhance the recovery of injured tissues and avoid stresses that may prove deleterious to the healing process. • This is…

Connective Tissue Disorders Marfan Syndrome Overview: Inheritable autosomal-dominant genetic condition that affects the processing of fibrillin; it is caused by >400 mutations in the gene encoding fibrillin-1 (FBN-1), located on…