Myelodysplasia Spine Grant D. Hogue Myelomeningocele Instrumentation and Fusion Techniques for Scoliosis and Kyphosis—General Principles Indications Scoliosis: Deformities of 50° or greater and functional deterioration, proven or predicted Kyphosis: Gibbus…
Posterior Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis Craig M. Birch Operative Indications Primary indication: Progressive thoracic curve greater than 50° or thoracolumbar/lumbar curve greater than 40° Pain is not an indication for…
Surgical Decision-Making in Pediatric Spine Surgery John B. Emans Pediatric Spinal Deformity Is Different Abnormal curvature in the pediatric spine carries a unique set of challenges: multiple types of deformity,…
