The Normal Joint
KEY POINTS • Ultrasound can be used to scan and evaluate most musculoskeletal tissues. • Articular and periarticular structures may only be visualized if they fall within an acoustic window….
RHEUMATOLOGY
Physics of Ultrasound
KEY POINTS • Ultrasonic waves are elastic, mechanical waves. • Ultrasound imaging is safe and noninvasive. • Imaging provides real-time visualization. • Contrast imaging improve vascular detection. Characteristics of Ultrasound…
Purchasing Ultrasound Equipment
KEY POINTS • Consider the range of clinical indications first when selecting an ultrasound system. • The nature and location of your practice dictate the selection of stationary, mobile, or…
Pitfalls in Doppler Ultrasound
KEY POINTS • Common artifacts related to machine settings are focusing, random noise, aliasing, motion, blooming, and mirroring. • A common artifact related to the surrounding tissue is reverberation. •…
SURGICAL APPROACHES FOR OSTEOCHONDRAL REPAIR AND POSTOPERATIVE IMAGING CONSIDERATIONS
Articular cartilage is a highly specialized tissue with complex ultrastructure and unique biomechanical properties providing for load distribution and a low-friction weight-bearing surface essential for normal pain-free movement of synovial…
ULTRASOUND EVALUATION OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
In this chapter we focus on the application of ultrasound imaging for the assessment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), both as a means of identifying structural joint changes (e.g., joint erosions,…
CLINICAL MRI OF OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OSTEOCHONDRAL INJURY
As discussed in Chapter 2 , the structural integrity and function of cartilage and underlying bone are intimately coupled. Chondral injury leads to increased stress on subchondral bone, and, conversely,…
TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CLINICAL MRI OF ARTHRITIS
Inflammatory and noninflammatory arthropathies are a common cause of disability in modern society. MRI offers a noninvasive means of assessing the degree of damage to ligaments, muscle, bone, and articular…
