KEY POINTS • Ultrasound may be used to guide a wide range of musculoskeletal interventions. • Ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis and joint injection may be performed under indirect or direct visualization. •…

KEY POINTS • Ultrasound can identify entrapment and traumatic neuropathies, neurogenic tumors, and some hereditary PN abnormalities, and is particularly useful when the results of clinical examination and tests are…

KEY POINTS • This chapter describes the main ultrasound findings that are detectable in patients with gout or CPPD disease. • Monosodium urate and CPPD crystal aggregates can be clearly…

KEY POINTS • Ultrasound should be considered a complementary skill to MRI and is often applied as a first-line investigation. • Ultrasound has a number of specific advantages over MRI…

Ultrasound has progressed rapidly in recent years in terms of the technology itself and how it has been applied to both clinical practice and research. Musculoskeletal ultrasound is now considered…

KEY POINTS • Contrast agents enable visualization of synovial vascularization, and mprove early detection, disease activity assessment, and evaluation of therapeutic response. • Contrast agents should be inert, administered by…

KEY POINTS • Ultrasound is anew tool for diagnoising and managing primary sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients. • Only parenchymal inhomogeneity can be regarded as having true diagnostic value for pSS…

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a small group of very enthusiastic European rheumatologists from Italy, Germany, Finland, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, and Spain started to practice musculoskeletal ultrasound…

KEY POINTS • High-resolution ultrasound is a rapid, proven imaging technique for identifying enthesitis, synovitis, and effusion in inflammatory and infectious diseases and soft tissue or bone changes in osteomyelitis…

Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) is a popular and important disease assessment tool among rheumatologists. Consequently, many rheumatologists are seeking opportunities to learn how to perform this imaging technique themselves and to…