Abstract In rheumatic diseases, classification criteria have been developed to identify well-defined homogenous cohorts for clinical research. Although they are commonly used in clinical practice, their use may not be…
Abstract Autoantibodies are the serological hallmark of autoimmune disease. Though their pathogenic role is debatable, they play an important role in the management of a patient with rheumatic disease. However,…
Abstract Joint pains are a common reason for children to present to primary care. The differential diagnosis is large including some diseases that do not primarily affect the musculoskeletal system….
Abstract Spinal pain or back pain is a very common symptom that can have many reasons. The most studied location is low back pain, and it is considered to be…
Abstract Chronic pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience persisting longer than the normal process of healing, usually longer than 3 months. About a fifth of the…
Abstract The investigation of the patient with possible systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease is potentially one of the most challenging areas of rheumatology as the differential diagnosis is potentially very broad….
Several factors make it difficult and challenging to investigate rheumatological diseases: 1. The wide array of investigations currently available. 2. The variable access to investigations across the globe and their…
Abstract Joint and muscle pain are commonly observed in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Different types of pain can be distinguished, that is, articular pain, neuropathic pain and widespread…
Abstract Pain is frequent in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs), particularly those affected by systemic sclerosis (SSc) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in which it is virtually ubiquitous and…
Abstract Chronic pain is an important public health problem, and there is a need to understand the mechanisms that lead to pain chronification. From a neurobiological perspective, the mechanisms contributing…
