Abstract Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors were the first biologic drugs prescribed for the treatment of spondyloarthritis (SpA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although they provide significant improvement of signs and…
Abstract In addition to the critical need of measuring tools for drug development of spondyloarthritis (SpA), these tools are also valuable for patient management. An early diagnosis, determination of early…
Abstract Given that entheses are sites of high mechanical stress that concentrate the forces of large contracting muscles down onto a small footprint of bone contact, it was recognized nearly…
Abstract The intestinal microbiota is firmly implicated not only in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but increasingly also in the development of inflammation at extraintestinal tissue sites. Significant…
Abstract The term spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses a group of diseases characterized by inflammation in the spine and in the peripheral joints, and other clinical features such as uveitis, dactylitis, psoriasis,…
Abstract Spondyloarthritis (SpA) represents a group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases that cluster within families and possess overlapping clinical features. The pathogenesis of SpA encompasses a complex array of genetic, immunological…
Abstract Polyarthritis comprises a large number of conditions ranging from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to metabolic conditions such as ochronosis. Differential diagnosis begins with delineation of inflammatory from non-inflammatory disorders using…
Abstract Health problems are self-reported by up to 64% of travellers to the developing world. Traditionally, rheumatic symptoms are accorded little significance, but many travellers do return home with musculoskeletal…
Abstract In recent years, the cost of health care around the world has risen at a rate that is deemed unsustainable. It has been estimated that 20% of this could…
Abstract Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites can all cause arthritis of either acute or chronic nature, which can be divided into infective/septic, reactive, or inflammatory. Considerable advances have occurred in…
