Spinal Cord Injury (Lumbosacral)
Abstract Lumbosacral spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to impairment or loss of motor or sensory function in the lumbar or sacral segments of the spinal cord, secondary to damage of…
PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
Spinal Cord Injury (Thoracic)
Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of paralysis and disability, with more than one-third of all injuries occurring at the thoracic level. Injury to the thoracic spinal…
Spinal Cord Injury (Cervical)
Abstract Advances in medicine, technology, and health care delivery have the potential for appreciably improving health and function of people with spinal cord injury (SCI). New discoveries provide opportunities and…
Speech and Language Disorders
Abstract Altered speech, language, and cognitive dysfunction result from a direct insult to the brain due to various neurologic disorders. Distinctive patterns of language use have been associated with certain…
Spasticity
Abstract Spasticity is commonly defined as a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone with exaggerated tendon jerks resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex. Spasticity is one component of the upper…
Respiratory Management of Neuromuscular Disorders
Abstract Physical medicine inspiratory and expiratory muscle aids can be used for patients with progressive neuromuscular disease to prevent acute, chronic, and acute on chronic respiratory failure, to avoid hospitalizations,…
Pressure Ulcers
Abstract A pressure injury is a localized damage to the skin or underlying tissue associated with pressure, or a combination of pressure and shear, in both apparently intact and open…
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory arthritis that usually affects the small joints of the hands and feet in a symmetric distribution. Without treatment, RA can cause…
Scoliosis and Kyphosis
Abstract Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine and the trunk; it associates a spinal pathologic curve on the frontal plane, a rotation in the horizontal plane, and a…
Rehabilitation of the Patient with Respiratory Dysfunction
Abstract Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for patients with primary pulmonary disease can have a great effect on quality of life, functional capacity, and activities of daily living as well as a…
