Introduction During arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, adequate visualization of joint structures is usually achieved by injecting a fluid to distend the joint space. In such cases obscuration by…
Introduction The Endobutton (EB) is the most widely used femoral fixation device worldwide that is designed specifically for soft tissue grafts. Pioneered by Dr. Thomas Rosenberg and introduced around 1990,…
Abstract Anatomic ACL reconstruction depends on adequate time-zero graft fixation to allow for graft incorporation and subsequent knee stability. Biomechanical testing has demonstrated significant differences between fixation devices and excellent…
Computer-assisted navigation for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can increase precision in tunnel placement and also provide valuable outcome information, such as rotational stability. This is accomplished by registering anatomical…
Introduction The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is composed of two bundles, the anteromedial bundle (AM) and the posterolateral bundle (PL), measuring on average 33 mm in length and 11 mm…
The intercondylar notch is the open space that lies between the medial and lateral femoral condyles of the distal femur and houses the substance of both the anterior and posterior…
Abstract Intra-articular local anesthetic injections are commonly utilized to improve analgesia and decrease opioid consumption which subsequently may result in less narcotic-related side effects (i.e. nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and confusion)….
Abstract Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive surgery can be performed under different types of anesthesia and analgesia and an increasingly tempting option is the use of peripheral nerve blocks. These…
Abstract This chapter describes the saphenous nerve block and its use following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction for postoperative analgesia. The chapter reviews the saphenous nerve anatomy and innervation. It also…
Introduction Over the last decade, anatomical anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction that restores the original size and location of the ACL insertion is widely performed. Anatomical studies have been performed…
