Acknowledgment: This section on skin grafts was originally a chapter written by Dr. Earl Browne , and much of his writing remains. Skin Grafting The skin is the largest organ…

In contradistinction to a split-thickness or full-thickness skin graft, a flap receives its blood supply independent from the underlying bed on which it is laid. An axial-pattern flap derives its…

Many venomous animals can cause injuries to humans. The injuries are induced by substances called toxins that are produced or stored in the body of these animals and inoculated (i.e.,…

Acknowledgment: We would like to recognize our friend and partner Douglas P. Hanel, MD, who was a coauthor on the 6th edition version of this chapter. His contributions to it,…

Bone grafts have been used since the first decade of the twentieth century to fuse joints and repair defects. The desirability of a living bone graft was recognized by several…

Acknowledgment: The authors wish to acknowledge and thank Dr. Michele Gerwin Carlson. Her efforts in the previous edition of this text provided the foundation for this chapter. Cerebral palsy and…

No single conceptual development has had an impact on the field of hand surgery as profound as the advent of microsurgical techniques. The ability to repair blood vessels that could…

Syndactyly Syndactyly describes a variable fusion of the soft tissue or skeletal elements or both of adjacent digits, and it occurs when the normal processes of digital separation and web…

Acknowledgments: The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions of Professors Rod Hentz and Kazuteru Doi, who wrote an earlier rendition of this chapter on brachial plexus injury in adults, and…

Abstract Thumb hypoplasia may occur in isolation or as part of a broader spectrum of radial deficiencies. The classification of thumb hypoplasia is fairly straightforward and the treatment algorithm is…