Vascular Evaluation of the Hand Christopher M. Jones Beatrice L. Grasu INTRODUCTION A diagnosis of vascular insufficiency of the upper extremity begins with taking a thorough history and performing a…

Hand and Wrist Anatomy Mark K. Solarz Robert C. Matthias Jr. INTRODUCTION Comprehensive knowledge of upper extremity anatomy is the foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of hand and wrist…

Rehabilitation and Splinting James D. Bedford Sarah Turner INTRODUCTION All decisions regarding rehabilitation should be customized to the injury and to the patient. It is important for the hand surgeon…

How to Remove a Tight Ring John C. Elfar David J. Ciufo INTRODUCTION Constrictive rings are a common problem encountered in acute care settings. A tight ring may occur either…

Burns Ryan M. Garcia Michael S. Gart INTRODUCTION Demographics 1 200 000 burn cases in the United States per year Increased survival secondary to critical care measures has led to…

Upper Extremity Gunshot Wounds Alex C. Lesiak John R. Fowler INTRODUCTION Mechanism of injury Penetration of the upper extremity by a bullet or other missile projected by a firearm Pathoanatomy…

Frostbite Michael S. Gart INTRODUCTION Frostbite is an injury that occurs in tissues exposed to extreme cold temperatures, often as a result of inadequate protection from the environment. The severity…

Ring Avulsion Injuries Evan H. Horowitz Michael Guju Francisco A. Schwartz-Fernandes INTRODUCTION Definition Acute trauma to a finger caused by a sudden force on a ring, leading to skin and…