10.1055/b-0034-86366 Autogenous bone grafting in the treatment of nonunionsRené K Marti, Christian van der Werken Introduction As early as 1867 the French surgeon Louis Ollier described his experience with free…
10.1055/b-0034-86368 Bone-graft substitutesLisa R Blackrick, John H Wilber Introduction The number of bone-grafting procedures has increased steadily for years with an estimated 2.2 million procedures carried out per year at…
10.1055/b-0034-86358 Evolution of treatment of nonunions Introduction Between 1969 and 1973 both authors were members of Hardi Weber′s team in St. Gallen, Switzerland. This period was only interrupted by a…
10.1055/b-0034-86359 Normal and impaired fracture healingPeter A Nolte, Jenneke Klein-Nulend Mechanical performance of bone The mechanical performance of the human skeleton is secured by the constant adaptation of bone to…
10.1055/b-0034-86364 Ultrasound in osteotomies and nonunions—basic researchPeter A Nolte, Sjoerd Rutten Introduction Low-intensity ultrasound is used in various diagnostic and therapeutic indications. The therapeutic ultrasound signal is externally applied through…
10.1055/b-0034-86361 Emerging treatments for fractures and nonunions—growth factors and beyondPeter Kloen Introduction The intrinsic capacity of bone healing is well-known. It involves a complex orchestrated sequence of molecular and cellular…
10.1055/b-0034-86360 Pathogenesis and treatment of impaired fracture healingSanjeev Kakar, Thomas A Einhorn Introduction Bone is a unique tissue capable of repair and regeneration to its original state. This involves several…
10.1055/b-0034-86363 Pulsed electromagnetic fields in the treatment of nonunions—the Dutch experienceW Peter J Fontijne, Bas J Punt Introduction Nonunion of long bones is a challenge for orthopaedic and trauma surgeons….
Pediatric Spine Disorders and Trauma A. Noelle Larson, MD Lindsay M. Andras, MD Dr. Larson or an immediate family member serves as a paid consultant to or is an employee…
Soft-Tissue Tumors: Evaluation and Diagnosis Bryan S. Moon, MD Dr. Moon or an immediate family member serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of the American Academy…
