Introduction Advancements in elbow arthroscopy have led to an increase in its use. As surgeons have become more familiar with the technique, and instrumentation has become more intuitive, indications for…

Introduction Posterolateral rotator instability (PLRI) of the elbow describes the subluxation of the proximal ulna and radial head in a posterolateral direction relative to the distal humerus. Insufficiency of the…

Introduction Injuries to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) were previously career-ending injuries in high-level pitchers. Since Dr. Frank Jobe first performed ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) in 1974, there have…

Introduction Anatomic repair and reconstruction of the distal biceps tendon footprint is the treatment of choice among patients who desire a return to full elbow flexion and supination strength after…

Introduction Acromioclavicular (AC) joint and associated coracoclavicular (CC) ligament injuries frequently occur in active individuals when they fall directly onto their shoulder in an adducted position. The Rockwood classification is…

Introduction Superior glenoid labrum tears were initially described by Andrews et al. in 1985 in a series of overhead athletes. This injury was further defined by Snyder et al. 5 years later…

Introduction The complex osteology of the shoulder predisposes it to a variety of pathological states, several of which can be related to impingement of soft tissues between osseous surfaces. Additionally,…

Introduction The subscapularis muscle is the largest and most powerful rotator cuff muscle, accounting for as much as 53% of the force generated around the glenohumeral joint by the rotator…

Introduction Open rotator cuff repair is becoming a less prevalent technique for rotator cuff surgery; nonetheless, clinical situations still arise where this technique may be preferred to arthroscopic repair. These…

Introduction Rotator cuff pathology is commonly encountered in an orthopedic practice and can result in significant pain and dysfunction. The prevalence of rotator cuff tears in the general population is…