Musculoskeletal Key

Leg Disorders Ryan D. Muchow Vishwas R. Talwalkar • Introduction to Leg Deformities Children present with abnormal appearing lower extremities due to a variety of etiologies (Table 13.1) and at…

Examination of the Injured Child Anthony I. Riccio Shital N. Parikh • Introduction Although pediatric orthopedic injuries vary widely in severity, one must recall that even a seemingly innocuous musculoskeletal…

Foot and Ankle Deformity Benjamin Shore Megan E. Johnson • Introduction Foot and ankle concerns are a common cause for evaluation in the pediatric patient. Fortunately, the majority of pediatric…

Pediatric Elbow and Forearm Conditions Joshua M. Abzug Danielle A. Hogarth Dan A. Zlotolow • Introduction Outside of the hand, the elbow is the most critical joint for the function…

Limb Alignment and Limb Length Discrepancies Christopher A. Iobst Raymond W. Liu • Introduction to Pediatric Limb Deformity Limb deformity is a frequent cause for evaluation in a young child….

Chest and Shoulder Deformity Dennis E. Kramer Derek M. Kelly • Basic Bony Anatomy, Development and Function The pediatric shoulder girdle changes dramatically from the embryological period to adulthood, and…

Knee Conditions Eric W. Edmonds Benton E. Heyworth • Introduction to Pediatric Knee Conditions In the realm of pediatric orthopedics and, in particular, pediatric sports medicine, the knee is by…

Spine and Spinal Conditions Amy L. McIntosh Bryan Tompkins • Overview Spinal conditions in growing children are varied and include a variety of disorders. These may present with deformity, pain,…

Evaluation of the Concussed Child/Adolescent Naomi Brown Eileen P. Storey William P. Meehan, III Corina Martinez Christina L. Master • Introduction Concussion is a common injury among active young athletes….

Evaluation for Nonaccidental Trauma Karen L. Lakin • Introduction Orthopedic injuries are common in childhood. Fractures accounted for 788,925 visits to the emergency department in the United States in 2010.1…