Musculoskeletal Key

Overview This chapter reviews the history of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and then outlines the design rationale, surgical techniques, and results seen in kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The…

Introduction Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) or navigation has for the best part of two decades been the gold standard for accuracy and precision in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in terms of…

Overview Robotic assistance was recently reintroduced in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to improve surgical precision and to minimize errors. However, the technique stills focuses on mechanical alignment (MA) philosophies, with…

Overview This chapter reviews in vitro and in vivo differences in tibiofemoral kinematics between a low-conforming total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implanted with calipered kinematic alignment (KA) and the native knee….

Overview This chapter reviews differences between the morphology of the prosthetic trochlea for four different femoral components set in kinematic alignment (KA) and the native knee in the same femur-cartilage…

Overview • With calipered kinematic alignment (KA) technique, preoperative management and evaluation of the arthritic knee patient does not vary vastly from the standard evaluation. However, there are some subtle…

Overview This chapter discusses the research that is driving the change in philosophy from mechanical alignment (MA) to kinematic alignment (KA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The first section discusses…

Overview For a long time, the alignment goal for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was a neutrally aligned limb with orthogonal joint lines to the mechanical axes (mechanical alignment [MA]). This…

The evolution of total knee replacement (TKR) from a novel and unreliable procedure to a highly reliable one is one of the major achievements of modern surgery over the past…