Cervical Spine Traction With Gardner-Wells Tongs
Overview 1. Cervical spine traction is accomplished with placement of calipers or tongs to the skull and attachment to a pulley system secured to a bed. 2. Although a wide…
Calcaneal Skeletal Traction
Overview Calcaneal traction is accomplished with placement of a pin across the posterior aspect of the calcaneus and attachment to a pulley system secured to a bed. Indications for Use…
Shoulder and Elbow Reduction
Clavicle Fractures Overview 1. Most clavicle fractures require no reduction. 2. Closed reductions cannot be maintained and should not be attempted. Indications for Use 1. Minimally displaced clavicle shaft fractures…
Pelvis and Lower Extremity Reduction
Pelvis Reduction Overview 1. Application of a pelvic binder is a key step in the initial management of an unstable pelvic fracture. 2. Commercial pelvic binders are available, or a…
Basic Principles of Reduction Maneuvers
The Three-Point Principle 1. Diaphyseal fractures ( Fig. 8.1 A ): a. The primary reductive force should be applied against the apex of the fracture. b. Counterforce applied in the…
Intraarticular Ankle Block
When performing an intraarticular ankle block, an anterolateral approach is preferred. Indications for Use An intraarticular ankle block is used for ankle fracture reduction. Precautions 1. Use of the lateral…
Ankle Block
Overview 1. The following five nerves are involved in an ankle block: posterior tibial, superficial peroneal, deep peroneal, saphenous, and sural. 2. The posterior tibial and deep peroneal nerves are…
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Key points • Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a hyperostotic condition of the spine associated with severe neurologic deficits. The incidence is higher in East Asians. •…
Lumbar spinal stenosis
Key points • Lumbar spinal stenosis is a complex disease with a plethora of clinical and imaging phenotypes. • Developmental lumbar spinal stenosis is caused by mal-development of pedicles and…
Displacement of intervertebral discs
Key points • Intervertebral disc displacement is not a “disease,” but is a component of many variations of disorders of the spine. • The displaced disc material and the effects…
