Outcome measurement is a key part of study design but presents particular challenges in spondyloarthropathy. Enthesitis and dactylitis are typical features of spondyloarthropathy and validated scoring systems for both are…
Sensitive and reliable tools for monitoring disease activity and damage, and for prognostication, are essential in the management of patients with spondyloarthritis, including ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Magnetic resonance…
Disease modification in spondyloarthritis should target the improvement of symptoms and preservation of function. Therefore, inhibition of structural damage caused by the disease processes appears essential. In spondyloarthritis, structural damage…
While several instruments and measures are available to assess function and mobility, there was no exhaustive list of impairments, limitations and restrictions that are the consequence of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)….
The concept of spondyloarthritides (or spondyloarthropathies, SpAs) that comprises a group of interrelated disorders has been recognised since the early 1970s. While the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) criteria and…
Spondyloarthritis refers to a group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases that share common clinical and genetic characteristics. Due to the rapid advances in technology and computational genetics, there is now an…
When Bernard Connor published the first anatomical description on the skeletal abnormalities found in established Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) in 1691 ( Fig. 1 ), he could hardly have anticipated the importance…
The systemic vasculitides are multisystem disorders characterised by the inflammation of blood vessels and tissue necrosis. Classified by the size of the vessels affected, the large vessel vasculitides include giant…
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem auto-immune disease. The two main subtypes of SSc (limited and diffuse) typically have differing courses and prognoses. New classification criteria have been proposed to…
Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most diverse autoimmune diseases as it may affect any organ in the body and display a broad spectrum of clinical and…
