Arthroscopic Treatment of Acute Ankle Fractures and Postfracture Problems SINA KASRAEIAN RICHARD D. FERKEL Fractures involving the ankle joint are among the most common fractures and can occur in all…
Osteophytes, Loose Bodies, Posttraumatic Problems, and Foreign Bodies JAMES W. STONE RICHARD D. FERKEL The term “impingement” is defined in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as “to strike or collide,” “to encroach…
Articular Cartilage Defects of the Ankle JORDAN KERKER RICHARD D. FERKEL INTRODUCTION Articular cartilage lesions continue to be a challenging problem for the orthopedic community. The growth of athletic participation…
Soft Tissue Lesions of the Ankle CHAD S. CONNER RICHARD D. FERKEL Soft tissue lesions of the ankle present a difficult diagnostic problem. Even after careful history, physical examination, and…
Diagnostic Arthroscopic Examination RICHARD D. FERKEL DAWSON S. BROWN Arthroscopy of the ankle and foot is a useful diagnostic modality to evaluate pathology and determine appropriate treatment. However, it must…
Regional Anesthesia for Foot and Ankle Arthroscopy ROBERT A. DOTY JR LUMINITA M. TUREANU SCOTT A. BURBANK RICHARD D. FERKEL INTRODUCTION In the setting of arthroscopic surgery of the foot…
Correlative Surgical Anatomy ERIC I. FERKEL RICHARD D. FERKEL EVOLUTION It is widely considered that the development of human bipedalism, ˜4 to 6 million years ago, is one of the…
Instrumentation RICHARD D. FERKEL Arthroscopy of the ankle evolved from the principles of knee arthroscopy, and initially the instrumentation used for the knee was applied to the ankle. As expertise…
Operating Room Environment and the Surgical Team RICHARD D. FERKEL KYLE F. CHUN Arthroscopy of the ankle and foot is a technically demanding procedure that requires meticulous attention to detail,…
Preoperative Evaluation and Imaging RICHARD D. FERKEL GREGORY R. APPLEGATE The ankle and foot are complex structures composed of multiple joints and anatomic structures. Evaluation of the ankle and foot…
