Autologous Bone Grafting Harvesting Techniques
Autologous Bone Grafting Harvesting Techniques George M. Ghobrial Matthew J. Viereck Scott D. Boden James S. Harrop Fresh autologous bone graft refers to bone harvested from one anatomical site and…
Posterior Minimally Invasive Decompression and Fusion Techniques
Posterior Minimally Invasive Decompression and Fusion Techniques D. Greg Anderson Minimally invasive spinal surgery (MISS) techniques have grown in popularity in recent years due to the general interest in reducing…
Cervical and Lumbar Arthroplasty, Interspinous Devices, and Motion-Sparing Technology
Cervical and Lumbar Arthroplasty, Interspinous Devices, and Motion-Sparing Technology John M. Rhee Bradley Moatz Cervical Arthroplasty Background/Rationale for Arthroplasty For over 50 years, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has…
Lumbar Decompression and Instrumented Fusion Techniques
Lumbar Decompression and Instrumented Fusion Techniques Clayton Haldeman Daniel Resnick Introduction The goal of spinal decompression is to relieve pressure on the nerves and thereby prevent the progression of neurologic…
Thoracic Decompression and Instrumented Fusion Techniques
Thoracic Decompression and Instrumented Fusion Techniques Ajinkya Rane William Ryan Spiker Michael D. Daubs Introduction Thoracic decompression and instrumented fusion techniques are critical in the care of thoracic spinal pathology….
Cervical Decompression, Instrumented Fusion, Arthroplasty, and Laminoplasty
Cervical Decompression, Instrumented Fusion, Arthroplasty, and Laminoplasty Jad G. Khalil Jeffrey S. Fischgrund Cervical spinal stenosis results in compression of neural elements by anterior structures, posterior structures, or a combination…
Lumbar Anatomy and Approaches
Lumbar Anatomy and Approaches Yu-Po Lee Anatomy The human spine has 5 lumbar vertebrae with interspaced intervertebral disks. They are the largest vertebrae in the body and connect the thorax…
Thoracic Anatomy and Approaches
Thoracic Anatomy and Approaches Amandeep Bhalla Andrew J. Schoenfeld Christopher M. Bono Anatomy Osteology The thoracic (T) spine contains 12 vertebrae, also referred to as dorsal vertebrae of the spine….
Anterior and Posterior Cervical Approaches
Anterior and Posterior Cervical Approaches Lance C. Smith Jeffrey C. Wang Anterior (Standard) Approach to the Cervical Spine (C3–C7) Indications and Contraindications The anterior approach can be used for a…
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis Trevor R. Schmitz Raj D. Rao The World Health Organization (WHO) defines osteoporosis as having a bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip or spine that is less than…
