Edema in the Lower Extremity: Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis JEFFREY S. BORER BRIAN SHAFFER ROCK C.J. POSITANO LORETTA CACACE Injuries of the foot are commonly associated with edema, a concomitant…
Neuromuscular Disease and Presentation Involving the Lower Extremity PETER Z. YAN ALYSSA G. REHM CAROLINE MIRANDA DEXTER Y. SUN This chapter provides an overview of neuromuscular diseases in the lower…
Pedal and Lower Extremity Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus KHURRAM H. KHAN TARA BLITZ-HERBEL Management of diabetes in the past century has significantly changed diabetes from a primary cause to a…
Infectious Disease (Bone and Soft Tissue) MARK KOSINSKI The Host Response to Infection Infection can have a profound systemic effect on the human body. In the event of severe lower…
Pedal Manifestations of Cardiac Disease MICHAEL J. TREPAL MARK H. SWARTZ ROCK G. POSITANO LORETTA CACACE The feet contain approximately one quarter of the body’s total bones, with each foot…
Seronegative and Seropositive Rheumatologic Disorders Affecting the Lower Extremity STEPHEN J. DIMARTINO Rheumatic diseases and other inflammatory disorders of the lower extremity are seen less commonly than mechanical conditions and…
Presentation of Systemic Disease When Imaging the Lower Extremity HELENE PAVLOV CAROLYN M. SOFKA SATINDER S. REKHI JR. JESSICA R. SPIVEY The foot and ankle are constantly being stepped on…
Spine and Sports: A Roundtable Discussion Andrew C. Hecht, MD Alexander R. Vaccaro, MD, PhD, MBA Wellington Hsu, MD Robert G. Watkins, MD Andrew Dossett, MD Dr. Dossett or an…
Concussion: Long Term Sequelae—The Controversy Rajiv Saigal, MD, PhD Mitchel Berger, MD Neither of the following authors nor any immediate family member has received anything of value from or has…
Postconcussion Syndrome Javier Cárdenas, MD Neither Dr. Cárdenas nor any immediate family member has received anything of value from or has stock or stock options held in a commercial company…
