Knee Conditions
Knee Conditions Eric W. Edmonds Benton E. Heyworth • Introduction to Pediatric Knee Conditions In the realm of pediatric orthopedics and, in particular, pediatric sports medicine, the knee is by…
Spine and Spinal Conditions
Spine and Spinal Conditions Amy L. McIntosh Bryan Tompkins • Overview Spinal conditions in growing children are varied and include a variety of disorders. These may present with deformity, pain,…
Evaluation of the Concussed Child/Adolescent
Evaluation of the Concussed Child/Adolescent Naomi Brown Eileen P. Storey William P. Meehan, III Corina Martinez Christina L. Master • Introduction Concussion is a common injury among active young athletes….
Evaluation for Nonaccidental Trauma
Evaluation for Nonaccidental Trauma Karen L. Lakin • Introduction Orthopedic injuries are common in childhood. Fractures accounted for 788,925 visits to the emergency department in the United States in 2010.1…
Diagnostically Directed Examination for Infectious, Inflammatory, and Neoplastic Conditions
Diagnostically Directed Examination for Infectious, Inflammatory, and Neoplastic Conditions Jonathan G. Schoenecker Stephanie N. Moore-Lotridge Samuel Johnson Alexandre Arkader • Introduction Pediatric musculoskeletal infections are challenging. Given the potential for…
Physical Examination for Unusual and Syndromic Conditions
Physical Examination for Unusual and Syndromic Conditions Pooya Hosseinzadeh Ron El-Hawary Craig Eberson Kishore Mulpuri • Unusual Conditions Patients present to orthopedic surgeons for management of their musculoskeletal problems. It…
Diagnostically Directed Examination for Neurological Disorders
Diagnostically Directed Examination for Neurological Disorders M. Wade Shrader A. Noelle Larson • Introduction Patients with neurological conditions present with discrete physical examination findings. Pattern recognition is important for diagnosis…
Observational Gait Analysis and Correlation With Static Examination
Observational Gait Analysis and Correlation With Static Examination Robert M. Kay Susan A. Rethlefsen Tom F. Novacheck • Introduction Locomotion is how one moves from place to place. For most…
Pearls and Pitfalls of the Pediatric Musculoskeletal Examination
Pearls and Pitfalls of the Pediatric Musculoskeletal Examination Andrew Howard Martin Herman Michael Wolf • Introduction The clinical history and physical examination are the basis for diagnosis. The clinic visit…
Common Pediatric Orthopedic Nomenclature
Common Pediatric Orthopedic Nomenclature Aristides I. Cruz, Jr Joseph G. Khoury • Nomenclature Proper examination of the musculoskeletal system requires a fundamental knowledge of standard anatomic nomenclature. This understanding forms…
