Musculoskeletal Key

KEY POINTS • Ultrasound should be considered a complementary skill to MRI and is often applied as a first-line investigation. • Ultrasound has a number of specific advantages over MRI…

Ultrasound has progressed rapidly in recent years in terms of the technology itself and how it has been applied to both clinical practice and research. Musculoskeletal ultrasound is now considered…

KEY POINTS • Contrast agents enable visualization of synovial vascularization, and mprove early detection, disease activity assessment, and evaluation of therapeutic response. • Contrast agents should be inert, administered by…

KEY POINTS • Ultrasound is anew tool for diagnoising and managing primary sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients. • Only parenchymal inhomogeneity can be regarded as having true diagnostic value for pSS…

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a small group of very enthusiastic European rheumatologists from Italy, Germany, Finland, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, and Spain started to practice musculoskeletal ultrasound…

KEY POINTS • High-resolution ultrasound is a rapid, proven imaging technique for identifying enthesitis, synovitis, and effusion in inflammatory and infectious diseases and soft tissue or bone changes in osteomyelitis…

KEY POINTS • Ultrasound can be used to establish the diagnosis of RA. • Ultrasound allows the examiner to assess small joints and several joint regions at one session, as…

KEY POINTS • Knowledge of entheseal development in children with JIA is critical. • Ultrasound can differentiate earlier polyartheritis and enthesitis according to ILAR classification criteria. • Knowledge of the…