THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
Applied Anatomy The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an articulation between the mandibular condyle and both the mandibular (glenoid) fossa and the articular eminence (tubercle) of the temporal bone ( Figure…
PRINCIPLES OF JOINT AND PERIARTICULAR ASPIRATIONS AND INJECTIONS
Indications for Aspiration and Injection of Joints and Periarticular Lesions Aspiration and injection of joints and periarticular synovium-lined cavities (bursae and tendon sheaths) and injection of soft-tissue lesions (entheses, tendinitis,…
ANATOMY OF JOINTS, GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS, AND PRINCIPLES OF JOINT EXAMINATION
Applied Anatomy TYPES OF JOINTS Skeletal joints, the sites of articulation between one bone or cartilage and another, are generally of three types: fibrous joints (skull-type sutures), cartilaginous and fibrocartilaginous…
Plain Radiography and Advanced Imaging of Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease and of Arthropathy Associated With Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystal Deposition
Key Points • Cartilage calcification (chondrocalcinosis) can occur in both fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage. Fibrocartilaginous calcifications are most common in the menisci of the knee, triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist,…
Plain Radiography and Advanced Imaging of Gout
Key Points • Radiography is the main imaging modality for evaluation of progression of gout, but there is a 5- to 10-year latent period between first clinical symptoms and the…
Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Crystal Deposition Disease
Key Points • Assessment of nephrolithiasis, cholecystolithiasis, and ureteral calcified concrements has been the main indication for ultrasound in internal medicine. Ultrasound can detect uric acid–containing kidney stones that would…
Epilogue: Creating a Better Future of Diagnosis and Treatment of Gout and Other Crystal Arthropathies
Supported by the VA Research Service. Introduction This textbook has thoroughly covered the current status of gout clinical practice, a subject whose nuances, with respect to evidence-based medicine, have been…
Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystal Arthropathy
Key Points • Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals are a group of ultramicroscopic crystals that are mainly composed of hydroxyapatite and are frequently deposited in articular tissues. • BCP crystal…
Crystalline Disorders Associated With Renal Disease Including Oxalate Arthropathy
Key Points • Rheumatic syndromes are a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD); regardless of renal disease etiology, musculoskeletal symptoms have been reported in up to 82% of patients…
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Key Points • Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition is a metabolic disorder that manifests substantially more often as joint pathology than it does as a symptomatic arthropathy. • The…
