Musculoskeletal Key

Introduction In the words of Mercer Rang, “children are not small adults.” Injuries in skeletally immature patients differ from those seen in adults because pediatric and adolescent skeletons are different…

Introduction: Scope and Purpose Upper extremity injury is one the most common presenting complaints after trauma in the pediatric population. Fractures of the forearm represent 40% of fractures in all…

Introduction Traumatic forces applied to an immature knee result in fracture types that usually differ from those seen in adults. As in other anatomic regions in a growing child, the…

Fractures and dislocations of the pelvis and proximal end of the femur in children are the result of high-energy trauma and are therefore rare. Because of diagnostic, treatment, and outcome…

Introduction Spinal injuries in children are fortunately rare; they involve only 1% to 4% of children admitted to trauma centers. Treating pediatric patients with spinal injuries can be challenging. Clinical…

Introduction Nerve injuries in children are relatively uncommon; however, children tend to put their hands in all sorts of unexpected places with sharp objects. Garbage disposals, conveyer belts, and dishwashers…

Introduction Intentional physical abuse to children is a grotesque act that no one likes to diagnose. This phenomenon accounts for 20% of all child abuse and neglect cases, which encompass…

Clavicle Relevant Anatomy The clavicle, or collar bone, is an S -shaped bone anterior to the base of the neck. Through articulations with the sternum medially and with the scapula…

Introduction Nonphyseal fractures of the tibia and fibula are among the most common injuries involving the lower extremities in children and adolescents. ∗ ∗ They are second only to fractures…

Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge and thank Dr. Eric C. McCarty and Dr. Gregory A. Mencio for their contributions to the previous version of this chapter. Introduction The…