CRITICAL POINTS ▪ The numerous ways and circumstances in which humans can position their hands places the hand and finger joints at risk for injury. ▪ A thorough knowledge of…
CRITICAL POINTS Surgical Timing ▪ For an injury less than 3 weeks old, nonemergent repair is indicated unless there is active purulent infection. ▪ An injury greater than 6 weeks…
CRITICAL POINTS ▪ Neuron: The primary cell of the PNS, which is polarized and has dendrites to receive information and axons to transmit information ▪ Nerves: Bundles of axons enclosed…
CRITICAL POINTS ▪ Peripheral nerve end-organs require innervation to stay viable. The loss of the trophic stimulus of the nerve axon dooms the end-organ to atrophy and eventual death. ▪…
Critical Points Biology ▪ Motion aids healing and reduces adhesions. ▪ There is no evidence that loading, in the absence of motion, is helpful, or that, once the tendon is…
CRITICAL POINTS ▪ Reconstructive surgery of the upper limb has been advanced by the continual addition and use of new flaps and the increasing use of functional free tissue transfer,…
A Context for Change The pressure for health care reform has increased awareness that rehabilitation costs are too high. As a result, both payers and consumers are demanding high-quality, cost-effective…
CRITICAL POINTS ▪ Frostbite is a severe, freezing-temperature, cold-induced injury. ▪ Tissue injury occurs by two mechanisms: cellular injury due to ice crystal formation, and progressive tissue ischemia. ▪ Frostbite…
CRITICAL POINTS Shoulder Ultrasound Applications ▪ Rotator cuff integrity assessment (especially post arthroplasty) ▪ Evaluation and fenestration of rotator cuff calcific tendinosis ▪ Evaluation of rotator cuff muscle atrophy ▪…
CRITICAL POINTS ▪ Successful clinical examination of the wrist requires a thorough knowledge of wrist anatomy, biomechanics, and pathology. ▪ The wrist examination includes a complete history, visual inspection, objective…
