Musculoskeletal Key

How to Remove a Tight Ring John C. Elfar David J. Ciufo INTRODUCTION Constrictive rings are a common problem encountered in acute care settings. A tight ring may occur either…

Burns Ryan M. Garcia Michael S. Gart INTRODUCTION Demographics 1 200 000 burn cases in the United States per year Increased survival secondary to critical care measures has led to…

Upper Extremity Gunshot Wounds Alex C. Lesiak John R. Fowler INTRODUCTION Mechanism of injury Penetration of the upper extremity by a bullet or other missile projected by a firearm Pathoanatomy…

Frostbite Michael S. Gart INTRODUCTION Frostbite is an injury that occurs in tissues exposed to extreme cold temperatures, often as a result of inadequate protection from the environment. The severity…

Ring Avulsion Injuries Evan H. Horowitz Michael Guju Francisco A. Schwartz-Fernandes INTRODUCTION Definition Acute trauma to a finger caused by a sudden force on a ring, leading to skin and…

High-Pressure Injection Injuries Erez Avisar High-pressure injection (HPI) injury has the potential to cause devastating injury to the limb. It has a high risk of being overlooked due to its…

Fingertip Amputations Robert Ryu Hisham M. Awan INTRODUCTION Fingertip injuries are the most common hand injuries presenting to emergency departments. Fingertip injuries with soft tissue loss may be time-intensive and…

The Mangled Hand Jason S. Lipof John C. Elfar INTRODUCTION The mangled extremity, by definition, exhibits injury to three or more of the four limb systems: (1) soft tissue, (2)…

Replantation Michael S. Gart INTRODUCTION The first upper extremity replantation was performed in Boston, MA by Dr Ronald Malt in 1962.1 Three years later, Komatsu and Tamai reported the first…

Nail Bed Injury Andrew D. Sobel INTRODUCTION Fingertip injuries, and injuries to the nail bed specifically, are common problems that vary widely in mechanism and severity. Injuries to the nail…