Selective spinal injections are being performed with increasing frequency in the management of acute and chronic pain syndromes. Because these procedures require placing a needle in or around the spine,…
Currently, fluoroscopic guidance is used routinely for many interventional pain management procedures to obtain more precise localization of anatomic target areas. Fluoroscopy is used in many procedures, including swallowing studies,…
Physicians who routinely perform pain procedures need to understand certain elements of informed consent to minimize their risk of medicolegal entanglements. Often physicians have little or no training in obtaining…
Successful pain management practices have implemented processes and procedures that focus on customer service, physician and staff efficiency, and risk reduction which result in optimizing the revenue cycle. The goal…
Conscious sedation and analgesia are often overlooked aspects of interventional pain procedures. Patients expect to be comfortable during their injections. Physicians tend to concentrate more on the procedure with the…
The evolution of the definition of pain and the influence of the importance of various biopsychosocial factors can be observed through various theories, all of which attempt to provide a…
Local anesthetics, corticosteroids, contrast agents, neurolytic agents, and viscosupplementation are used commonly in pain management procedures. At times, medications to treat adverse reactions are required. As emphasized throughout this text,…
Pain procedures are a useful adjunct in managing pain and functional problems. The pain physician, as a diagnostician, can derive valuable information from the results of these procedures and from…
Summary box 1 The priorities for reconstruction in the hand are: (l) wrist extension and finger flexion; and (2) recovery of sensation below the elbow in the C 6,7 dermatomes….
Summary box 1 A brachial plexus injury can be defined by four elements, which are analogous to the four dimensions of space: breadth (number of roots involved), length (level), depth…
