Musculoskeletal Key

Abstract Biceps tendon injuries are typically overuse injuries that impact shoulder function. Symptoms involve complaints of anterior shoulder pain that are worse with activities involving elbow flexion and overhead movement….

Abstract Biceps tendon rupture is either complete or partial disruption of the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle that can occur proximally or distally. Structural and histological considerations need to…

Abstract Primary adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder is an idiopathic, progressive, painful but self-limited restriction of active and passive range of motion. The onset is insidious and progresses through several…

Abstract The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is a diarthrodial joint found between the lateral end of the clavicle and the medial side of the acromion. The AC ligaments cross the joint….

Abstract Age-related degenerative changes due to cervical stenosis are very common in the cervical spine. Some patients develop, secondary to the degenerative changes, cervical stenosis that, with time, leads to…

Abstract Spinal stenosis of the cervical spine refers to pathologic narrowing of the central spinal canal that can lead to symptoms of cervical myelopathy. The most common causes are congenital…

Abstract Cervical sprain or strain, also known as whiplash injury, is most common in traumatic injury, specifically in motor vehicle collision. The purpose of this review is to define cervical…

Abstract Cervical radiculopathy is a common disorder characterized by a radiating pain from the neck to the scapular area and the arm with associated symptoms including numbness, paresthesias, and weakness….

Abstract Cervicogenic vertigo is the false sense of motion due to cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction. This chapter details the incidence of this condition, common presenting symptoms, and important exam maneuvers to…

Abstract Cervical facet arthropathy is a degenerative process that may lead to axial and mechanical spine pain. Cervical facet mediated pain may occur secondary to arthropathy, trauma, whiplash injury, or…