Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is mediated by immune complexes causing tissue inflammation through complement system activation. It has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. It is characterized by remissions…
Stroke in Young Adults
Abstract Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality, with an annual total of 6 million fatal events worldwide. In the United States, approximately 10% of strokes occur in…
Spinal Cord Injury (Lumbosacral)
Abstract Lumbosacral spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to impairment or loss of motor or sensory function in the lumbar or sacral segments of the spinal cord, secondary to damage of…
Spinal Cord Injury (Thoracic)
Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of paralysis and disability, with more than one-third of all injuries occurring at the thoracic level. Injury to the thoracic spinal…
Spinal Cord Injury (Cervical)
Abstract Advances in medicine, technology, and health care delivery have the potential for appreciably improving health and function of people with spinal cord injury (SCI). New discoveries provide opportunities and…
Speech and Language Disorders
Abstract Altered speech, language, and cognitive dysfunction result from a direct insult to the brain due to various neurologic disorders. Distinctive patterns of language use have been associated with certain…
Spasticity
Abstract Spasticity is commonly defined as a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone with exaggerated tendon jerks resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex. Spasticity is one component of the upper…
Respiratory Management of Neuromuscular Disorders
Abstract Physical medicine inspiratory and expiratory muscle aids can be used for patients with progressive neuromuscular disease to prevent acute, chronic, and acute on chronic respiratory failure, to avoid hospitalizations,…
Pressure Ulcers
Abstract A pressure injury is a localized damage to the skin or underlying tissue associated with pressure, or a combination of pressure and shear, in both apparently intact and open…
