Physical Examination of the Elbow
Key words Elbow examination, ulnar collateral ligament, elbow instability Introduction A thorough history should be ascertained before a physical examination is performed on a patient with an upper extremity…
Physical Examination of the Cervical Spine
Introduction The annual prevalence of neck pain is estimated to range between 30% and 50%, and nearly half of all individuals will experience neck pain in their lifetime. History and…
Reliability and Validity of Physical Examinations
Key words Statistics, Sensitivity, Specificity, Reliability, Validity Introduction In 1880, John Venn, a priest and lecturer in Moral Science at Caius College, Cambridge University, England, introduced and popularized Venn…
Facial Fillers and Volumizers
Included on DVD INTRODUCTION The aging process is a very complex phenomenon, engendered by genetically determined intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Sun exposure with its cumulative ultraviolet effects, even not related…
Rock Climbing
Introduction • There has been a rapid growth in rock climbing popularity and access in recent decades. • The Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission in 2007 noted that the number…
Mass Participation Endurance Events
General Principles • This chapter shows the development of an algorithm for the management of mass participation endurance events. • The medical director is the safety and health advocate for…
Track and Field
Introduction Overview • Track and field often attracts multisport athletes. • The sport involves year-round competition and training. • Differing athletic events subject athletes to differing demands. For example: •…
The Extreme Athlete
Introduction • The definition of extreme sports (ES) extends to any sport featuring high speed, height, a real or perceived danger, a high level of physical exertion, highly specialized gear,…
Gymnastics
Introduction • Types: acrobatic, artistic, rhythmic, tumbling, and trampoline ( Tables 90.1 to 90.4 ) TABLE 90.1 ACROBATIC GYMNASTICS (MEN AND WOMEN) Events Levels Women’s pairs Junior Olympic Elite Men’s…
