REGIONAL ANAESTHESIA
Most foot and ankle surgery is performed in the day care setting. A combination of regional or field block with or without general anaesthesia allows faster patient recovery and better…
THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
GENERAL KEY POINTS The lymphatic system has four major functions: 1. Produce, store and re-circulate lymphocytes , cells mainly responsible for immune response in the body. 2. Store macrophages (phagocytes)….
Lower Limb, Pelvis and Hip
Lower limb survey Bones, muscles and surface landmarks of the left lower limb, from the front Bones of the left lower limb, from the front Muscles of the left lower…
Thigh, Knee and Leg
Thigh Front of the right upper thigh (female) Part of the fascia lata (deep fascia of the thigh, 14) has been removed to display the femoral vessels and nerve and…
Physical Examination of the Shoulder
key words shoulder examination, stability testing, strength testing, test sensitivity, test specificity Introduction The shoulder girdle allows for a large degree of motion in multiple planes, with the glenohumeral…
Physical Examination of the Lumbar Spine and Sacroiliac Joint
Introduction Because of the multifactorial nature of the complaint of low back pain (LBP), patients presenting with LBP necessitate a detailed history and physical examination. Nonspecific or incorrect diagnoses can…
Physical Examination of the Pelvis and Hip
Key words pelvis, hip Introduction The hip joint is one of the more stable joints of the body. The stability stems from the intimacy of the head of the…
