Pain Management: Novel and Alternative Therapies for Chronic Pain
Abstract Chronic pain is becoming more prevalent in our aging population. It can be difficult to treat, and often the goal is to manage pain to allow function. Conventional therapies…
Trauma: Compartment Syndrome
Abstract Compartment syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening pathology that requires high suspicion. Although there are limited objective measurements, this remains a clinical diagnosis. Traditionally the 6 “Ps” (pain,…
Arthritides
Abstract A brief overview of mechanical and inflammatory joint conditions. KeywordsOsteoarthritis, Inflammatory Arthritis, Gout, Calcium Pyrosphosphate Deposition Disease, Lyme Arthritis ICD-10-CM Codes M19 Osteoarthritis M10 Gout M11 Calcium Pyrophosphate…
Trauma: Heterotopic Ossification and Myositis Ossificans
Abstract Heterotopic ossification is the formation of lamellar bone outside the skeletal system and in the soft tissue. This may occur in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fibrous tissue adjacent to…
Pain Management: Acute Pain
Abstract Acute pain is the physiologic response and experience to noxious stimuli that is normally sudden in onset and influences behaviors to avoid actual or potential injury to tissue. The…
Neurovascular Disorders: Arterial Conditions in Athletes
Abstract Vascular injury can occur with severe traumatic injury or joint dislocation. In contrast, chronic stress or overuse may cause either damage to the vascular system or symptoms referable to…
Osteoporosis and Osteopenia
Abstract Osteopenia and osteoporosis are common skeletal disorders characterized by decreased bone mass, disruption of bony microarchitecture with loss of trabeculae, diminished bone strength, and an increased risk of fracture….
Neurovascular Disorders: Nerve Entrapment
Abstract Peripheral nerve entrapments can be due to such causes as constrictions through soft-tissue structures, space-occupying lesions, and external compressive forces. They typically present with a characteristic sensory and/or motor…
Infections (Septic Joint, Septic Arthritis, and Osteomyelitis)
Abstract Osteomyelitis can take on both acute and chronic forms. Chronic osteomyelitis involves the development of necrotic bone and can involve complications such as sinus tract formation. Osteomyelitis can develop…
Special Populations: Female Athletes
Abstract The female athlete comprises a unique athletic population that carries with it its own subset of considerations. Two common circumstances exclusive to female athletes include the female athlete triad…
