Musculoskeletal Key

Ankle Sprains, Medial Daniel C. Herman, MD, PhD, FAAPMR, FACSM, CAQSM Giorgio A. Negron, MD BASICS DESCRIPTION Injury to the deltoid ligament complex of the medial ankle occurs when the…

Ankle Sprains, Lateral Christopher A. Gee, MD, MPH, FACEP, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION Lateral ankle sprains are the most common injury sustained by athletes (1) and comprise approximately 14% of all…

Ankle Impingement Marcia Faustin, MD, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION Impingement is a clinical syndrome of end-range joint pain or restricted motion caused by direct abutment and/or compression of bone or soft…

Anaphylaxis Kristina Wilson, MD, MPH, FAAP, CAQSM BASICS The causative agent in anaphylaxis remains unknown in up to 1/3 of cases. Food is the most common causative agent (about 1/3…

Adhesive Capsulitis Adam Lyons, MD Rahul Kapur, MD, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION Commonly known as “frozen shoulder” Painful restriction of glenohumeral joint range of motion (ROM) Caused by thickening, fibrosis, and…

Adductor Tendon Injury Sara N. Raiser, MD Daniel C. Herman, MD, PhD, FAAPMR, FACSM, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION Medial thigh/groin pain and weakness resulting from injury to muscle May be acute…

Acromioclavicular Separations (Types 1-6) Anne S. Boyd, MD, FAAFP, FACSM BASICS Separation of the clavicle and acromion due to injury of the acromioclavicular (AC) and coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments Classified based…

Acl Tear: Management in Skeletally Immature Athletes Holly J. Benjamin, MD, FAAP, FACSM Michael Ladewski, DO BASICS DESCRIPTION Acute injury sustained by known mechanism that leads to knee instability with…

Acl Injuries Suraj A. Achar, MD, FAAFP, CAQSM Kenneth S. Taylor, MD, FAAFP, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a critical stabilizer of the knee. The ACL…

Achilles Tendon Rupture Carrie A. Jaworski, MD, FAAFP, FACSM Melissa Faubert, DO BASICS Achilles tendon ruptures are caused by laceration or by indirect forces applied to the tendon. Three types…