10.1055/b-0038-160359 9 The SpineH. Boehm 9.1 Cervical Spine: Atlantoaxial Reduction and Fusion Indication Atlantoaxial instability >5 mm. Significant retrodental pannus formation. Onset of cranial settling. Differential therapeutic considerations Is there…
10.1055/b-0038-160351 1 Principles of Orthopaedic RheumatologyS. Sell, S. Rehart Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorder that can progress to involve all of the synovial tissues and even…
10.1055/b-0038-160342 11 Adolescent Spondylolisthesis Associated with Scoliosis: Which Condition Should Surgery Address?Yong Qiu Introduction Spondylolisthesis is the common cause of low back pain in adolescents. 1 The incidence of scoliosis…
10.1055/b-0038-160343 12 Pediatric Spondylolysis and SpondylolisthesisMichael LaBagnara, Durga R. Sure, Justin S. Smith, and Christopher I. Shaffrey Introduction The term spondylolysis refers to a defect in the pars interarticularis, which…
10.1055/b-0038-160346 15 Spine Surgery in the Developing WorldOheneba BoachieAdjei and Irene Adorkor Wulff Introduction The United Nations has classified countries on the basis of their state of economic and social…
10.1055/b-0038-160347 16 Safety and Complications in Pediatric SurgeryStephen Lewis, Michael Dodds, and Sam Keshen Introduction With enhanced instruments, techniques, and skills, our ability to achieve significant corrections in severe spinal…
10.1055/b-0038-160345 14 Kyphotic Deformity in the Pediatric SpineAvery L. Buchholz, John C. Quinn, Christopher I. Shaffrey, Sigurd H. Berven, David W. Polly, Jr., and Justin S. Smith Introduction Kyphotic deformity…
10.1055/b-0038-160344 13 Dysplastic High-Grade SpondylolisthesisYazeed M. Gussous and Sigurd H. Berven Introduction Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis are a common cause of low back pain in the adolescent. Spondylolisthesis in the child…
10.1055/b-0038-160348 17 Measuring Outcomes in Pediatric Spinal DeformitySayf S.A. Faraj, Tsjitske M. Haanstra, Steven J. Kamper, and Marinus de Kleuver Introduction Outcomes measurement is a fundamental component of evidence-based medicine,…
